MODULE SUPPLEMENT: NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM
Clinical Implications of Cognitive Change

What are the clinical implications of these cognitive changes?

First, it's helpful to assess an individual's cognitive capacity to the extent possible to obtain a baseline. Tools such as the Mini-Mental State Examination can serve as a screen (cf. Screening Techniques for Dementia--Note: This link will open in a new browser window which you can close to return here). It's also helpful to assess how the individual learns best and what their prior experiences have been.

Another strategy is to provide key points one at a time and allow time for integration of material while emphasizing the concrete aspects of a given task, relating it as much as possible to the individual's experience. Adults in general learn better if they see something as important and have a reason (motivation) for learning.

Written materials can be helpful if visual acuity is adequate and sometimes taping the session can help. Anything that provides cues can be useful for retrieval.

Decreasing distracting information can maximize focus.

However, it may take some trial and error to elicit what works best for a given individual. If a cognitive deficit is present, a family member or other support person will be needed. However, enlisting the support of family members may be a helpful strategies for many individuals.

Finally, the "use it our lose it" concept applies to cognitive functioning as much as to physical functioning.